Analysis on the Path of Integrating the Great Anti-epidemic Spirit into Professional Spirit Education for Medical Students:Taking Beijing University of Chinese Medicine as an Example / 中国医学伦理学

The great anti-epidemic spirit originates from the great practice of the national people in their hard struggle against the COVID-19 epidemic, and has important ideological and political education value. Based on the dimension of theoretical, value, and practical, integrating the great anti-epidemic spirit into the professional spirit education of medical students can promote the cultivation of their professional values, strengthen their medical ethics belief, and cultivate patriotism. Through practical paths such as guiding the control of public opinion on epidemic situation and praising the great anti-epidemic heroes, excavating school educational resources and carrying out anti-epidemic ideological and political classes, and deepening students’ humanistic care and boosting their confidence and determination to fight against epidemic, to integrate the great anti-epidemic spirit into the professional spirit education for medical students, and guide them to grow into pillars capable of shouldering great tasks.

Analysis on the Difficulties and Strategies in Promoting the Red Doctor’s Culture: Taking Western Fujian as an Example / 中国医学伦理学

Red doctor’s culture is a precious spiritual wealth formed in the medical and health practice of the Central Soviet Area during a specific historical period. With the development of society and the changes of the times, the red doctor’s culture has been endowed with new connotation. Western Fujian was the earliest place to provide medical support for the revolutionary army, the birthplace of the Republic’s health service, and made great contributions to the victory of the Chinese revolution. The cultural resources of red doctor’s in western Fujian are abundant, and it is one of the important lineages of the red culture in western Fujian, with its unique historical value. At present, there are many problems in promoting the red doctor’s culture. Actively exploring and researching specific paths and methods to promote the red doctor’s culture is of great significance and value for giving full play to the connotation of the red doctor’s culture in the new era, promoting its value leading role at various levels of society, and passing down the spirit and culture of red doctor’s.

Preliminary design and thinking on the mind map for integrated curriculum of laboratory medical education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Cultivating comprehensive personnel with competent professional ethics, technical skills and scientific research capabilities is the goal and task of today's laboratory medical education. How to make full use of diversified teaching materials, tools and methods to improve teaching quality is worthy of exploration and thinking in laboratory medical teaching units. In this paper, using mind map as a tool, taking the COVID-19 epidemic as an example, we intend to design a set of multidisciplinary and all-round integrated curriculum of medical laboratory education, and discuss the application status and prospect of integrated curriculum and mind map in medical laboratory education. Through doing this, we aim to optimize the training goals of laboratory medicine education, innovate the teaching methods and boost the training efficiency of laboratory medicine education to keep up with the times.

Report of the 71st Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine Special Program 1—“Pre-and Post-Graduate Kampo Medicine Education for the Next Generation”: Symposium on Model Core Curriculum in Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy and Nursing, and the Current Status of Kampo Education / 日本東洋医学雑誌

At the 71st Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine in August 2021, we conducted a special program focusing on education in Kampo medicine, “Pre-graduate and post-graduate Kampo medicine education for the next generation.” As part of this project, we directed a symposium on the model core curriculum (core curriculum) in medicine, dentistry, pharmacy and nursing. The core curriculum in these fields includes Kampo education. Each institution shall promote education in accordance with the core curriculum, considering the characteristics of the field and the circumstances of the educational institution. We introduced the core curriculum in each field, and summarized and reported the current status of Kampo education in the field, points to note and suggestions for multidisciplinary cooperation, issues related to clinical practice and lack of educators, and future prospects.

Training doctors for people health: teaching preventive medicine for clinical medicine students in Fudan medical college / 上海预防医学

Preventive medicine is a required course for students majoring in clinical medicine, which is essential for them to understand public health. Teaching teams of Fudan University have focused on the curriculum reform of preventive medicine and kept innovating with the aim of improving the competence of future doctors. Flipped classroom approach was adopted to promote interaction between teachers and students. In addition, a variety of practice sectors were integrated into teaching process, such as diet calculation through graph cards, health risk appraisal practice, hospital visiting. In addition, a 4-weeks community-based practice further strengthened students' understandings of public health in the real world. Much attention was on cultivate scientific spirit, humanity and the capability to serve the people. A multi-dimension, whole-process evaluation is applied and the results shows that the students' comprehensive ability and literacy are significantly improved.

Practice and exploration of a new mode of orientation practice for undergraduate students majoring in blood transfusion medicine / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To cultivate high-quality professionals of transfusion medicine and construct a new mode of undergraduate practice of transfusion medicine. Since 2013, orientation interns in blood transfusion medicine were recruited from the undergraduate program of laboratory medicine, and a new teaching mode of orientation practice of blood transfusion medicine was established from the aspects of teaching staff, rotation of posts, practice content and comprehensive quality. Through the new training mode of orientation practice, excellent transfusion medical professionals with solid basic knowledge, strong operational skills and high comprehensive quality were cultivated. The establishment of the oriented practice mode of blood transfusion medicine is beneficial to the cultivation and output of high-quality transfusion talents and plays a positive role in promoting the development of transfusion medicine education.

Competencias transversales en la formación de los profesionales médicos. Una revisión / Cross-cutting Competencies in Medical Professional Training. A Review / Competências transversais na formação de profissionais médicos. Uma revisão

El presente artículo discute el proceso de formación del profesional médico en Colombia y sus posibles estrategias de enseñanza y tiene como fin problematizar el documento de política pública Perfiles y competencias profesionales de la salud, elaborado por el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social y la Academia Nacional de Medicina a través de la selección de las competencias que correspondían con la relación social y la comunicación, propias de la atención médica: reconocimiento del contexto y relaciones interpersonales. Para esto se hizo una revisión documental a través de la búsqueda, selección y análisis de artículos académicos que trabajaran las posibles estrategias de enseñanza de las competencias mencionadas. Como conclusiones destacan la reflexión permanente que se ha hecho sobre el tema, así como la urgencia de trascender de la formación biológica hacia una formación más integral; no obstante, son pocas las reflexiones que concretan propuestas específicas de cómo lograrlo. De igual manera, existe un vacío sobre la definición y los alcances del concepto de integralidad y una falta de consenso en la forma de llamar aquellas competencias que le apuntan a esta.

This article discusses the process of training medical professionals in Colombia and their possible teaching strategies. Besides, it sought to problematize the public policy document "Profiles and Professional Competencies of Health" (Prepared by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection and the National Academy of Medicine) through the selection of competencies that corresponded to the social relationship and communication that constitute medical care: Recognition of Context and Interpersonal Relationships. For this purpose, a documentary review was done through the search, selection, and analysis of academic articles that worked on the possible teaching strategies for the mentioned competences. Among the conclusions, it stands out the permanent reflection that has been done on the subject, as well as the urgency of transcending biological formation towards a more integral formation. However, a few reflections define specific proposals on how to achieve it. Likewise, there is a gap in the definition and scope of the integrality concept or even a consensus about de definitions and concepts that those competences reach out.

Este artigo discute o processo de formação profissional médico na Colômbia e suas possíveis estratégias de ensino e tem como objetivo problematizar o documento de política pública Perfis e competências profissionais em saúde, elaborado pelo Ministério da Saúde e Proteção Social e pela Academia Nacional da Medicina através da seleção das competências que correspondem à relação social e à comunicação, próprias da assistência médica: reconhecimento do contexto e relações interpessoais. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão documental por meio da busca, seleção e análise de artigos acadêmicos que trabalharam as possíveis estratégias de ensino das referidas competências. Como conclusões destacam-se a reflexão permanente que se tem feito sobre o assunto, bem como a urgência de transcender a formação biológica para uma formação mais integral; no entanto, poucas reflexões fazem propostas específicas sobre como alcançá-lo. Da mesma forma, há um vazio na definição e abrangência do conceito de integralidade e uma falta de consenso na forma de denominar as competências que apontam para ele

Problemas en la práctica clínica: los retos de la medicina basada en la evidencia / Problems in clinical practice: the challenges of evidence-based medicine

Resumen El desarrollo de este artículo de reflexión surge tras el análisis de la práctica médica cotidiana donde se evidencian discrepancias entre estudiantes de medicina, docentes clínicos, médicos generales y especialistas en áreas médicas, en lo que corresponde a la marcada variabilidad en los enfoques terapéuticos en el personal clínico asistencial. Adicionalmente los conflictos derivados de la no aplicación de la medicina basada en evidencia por resistencia de ciertos profesionales de la salud, junto a las limitaciones de aplicabilidad de la misma en nuestro contexto socio-económico en particular, conduce al desarrollo de conflictos que dificultan la atención de los pacientes, distancian el personal médico, limitan el aprendizaje en las áreas clínicas, además de producir una perspectiva no integral ya que en la mayoría de las ocasiones se impone la decisión clínica sobre los valores y preferencias de los usuarios, cuestión además poco explorada dentro del ámbito académico. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(1): 59-65.

Abstract The development of this reflexion article emerges after the analysis of everyday medical praxis, where disagreements between medical students, clinical teachers, general practitioners and specialists in clinical areas are noted, which corresponds to the strong variability between therapeutic approaches from the clinical assistance personnel. Additionally, the conflicts deriving from the non-application of the Evidence-based Medicine due to the resistance of certain health professionals, along with the limitations in its applicability in our particular socioeconomic context, drives to the development of conflicts that make difficult the patient's attention, create distances between the medical staff, limit learning in clinical areas, and produce a non-integral perspective, because in the majority of occasions, clinical decision is imposed over the values and preferences of users, a matter that is rarely explored inside the academic scope. MÉD. UIS.2020;33(1): 59-65.

Exploration on formation of modern acupuncture-moxibustion education mode / 中国针灸

College education is the main mode of modern acupuncture-moxibustion talent training in China. In this paper, the acupuncture-moxibstion education modes in the early years after the founding of the Peoples' Republic of China, dominated as the Chinese medicine advanced school and the training course of Chinese medicine for the western medicine physicians, were collected as well as the transformation into normalized institution education ones. As a result, the formation and the improvement process of modern acupuncture-moxibustion education mode are reflected and their significance on the discipline development is explored.

Characteristics of Chinese Medicine Education Under British Education System in New Zealand / 中国结合医学杂志

With the globalisation of Chinese medicine (CM), the local CM education institutions were established in many other countries outside of China. These CM education institutions have formed a new mode in CM education after integrating with local culture, law and national conditions. This article takes New Zealand CM education institutions as an example to discuss the characteristics of CM education under the British education system, aiming to provide ideas on CM education in China and other countries.

Reform of learning model of clinical pathology in primary traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in the new era / 中华医学教育探索杂志

At present, the 'Internet+' learning model is rapidly integrated with learning and work, which makes the teaching of clinical pathology in primary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospitals change rapidly in the new era. With rich network resources and convenient electronic information equipment, staff of clinical pathology has set to reform the teaching concept and innovate the learning model. In this paper, innovative learning models such as TCBIL, PSBIL, TTBIL, TLBIL, WPBIL that can meet the demands of clinical pathology teaching and work in primary TCM hospitals have been summarized after long-term observation and researches through a large number of literature review as well as clinical teaching practice and thinking. This paper aims to provide assistance to the development of the department of pathology in the primary TCM hospitals, meanwhile, offer beneficial exploration to the construction of 'Internet+' integrated medical education with Chinese characteristic in the new era and the education of TCM. Besides, this paper puts forward clear concepts of integrated learning model based on the analysis of the case of the Department of Pathology, Yongchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Chongqing Medical University and discuss the inherent characteristics and laws of learning model reform.

Reform of learning model of clinical pathology in primary traditional Chinese medicine hospitals in the new era / 中华医学教育探索杂志

At present,the 'Internet+' learning model is rapidly integrated with learning and work,which makes the teaching of clinical pathology in primary traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)hospitals change rapidly in the new era.With rich network resources and convenient electronic information equipment,staff of clinical pathology has set to reform the teaching concept and innovate the learning model.In this paper,innovative learning models such as TCBIL,PSBIL,TTBIL,TLBIL,WPBIL that can meet the demands of clinical pathology teaching and work in primary TCM hospitals have been summarized after long-term observation and researches through a large number of literature review as well as clinical teaching practice and thinking.This paper aims to provide assistance to the development of the department of pathology in the primary TCM hospitals,meanwhile,offer beneficial exploration to the construction of 'Internet+' integrated medical education with Chinese characteristic in the new era and the education of TCM.Besides,this paper puts forward clear concepts of integrated learning model based on the analysis of the case of the Department of Pathology,Yongchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Chongqing Medical University and discuss the inherent characteristics and laws of learning model reform.

Application of simulation-based medicine education in pediatric resident training / 中国实用儿科杂志

Simulation-based medicine education(SBME)refers to the clinical teaching method of using medical simulation equipment or simulator design to simulate clinical scenes,replacing the actual content of real medical scenes in an interactive way and the actual patient. Simulation is particularly important in pediatric resident training,and a large amount of evidencebased evidence confirms that simulation training used in resident training ensures patients' safety and improves patients' outcomes. The paper mainly expounds the application principle,theoretical basis,main content and the method of establishing the simulation center in the training of pediatric resident in simulated medical education,intending to promote the further development of simulation training in the training of domestic pediatric resident.

Facebook as a tool to promote radiology education: expanding from a local community of medical students to all of South America / Facebook como uma ferramenta para impulsionar a educação em radiologia: expandindo-se de uma comunidade local de estudantes de medicina para a América do Sul

Abstract Objective: To assess the feasibility of Facebook to promote a radiology education project and to expand it from our university community of medical students to a wider audience. Materials and Methods: A group of 12 medical students created a Facebook page in June 2015, to contribute to radiology education in our university. From August 2015, clinical cases, including a brief explanation of clinical findings, along with different imaging modalities, were posted weekly and subscribers were encouraged to choose the most appropriate diagnosis. All cases were followed by the appropriate answer and an explanation to highlight imaging findings and diagnosis. Aiming to reach a larger audience, we also shared cases to a public Latin-American Facebook group, comprising a collective total of 28,182 physicians and medical students. Using the Facebook Insights tracking tool, we prospectively analyzed subscriber interaction with our page for 14 months. Results: During the period analyzed, 35 cases were posted. The most common imaging modalities were X-ray (n = 15) and computed tomography (n = 13). Before we began posting the weekly cases, our page had 286 likes. By October 2016, that number had grown to 4244, corresponding to an increase of 1484% and eight times the size of the medical student community at our institution (n = 530). Medical students made up most (76%) of the subscribers, followed by radiology residents (6%). An excellent or moderate contribution to personal image interpretation skills was reported by 65.3% and 33.1% of the users, respectively. Conclusion: Creating a Facebook page and posting weekly clinical cases proved to be an effective method of promoting radiology education.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade do Facebook em promover um projeto de educação em radiologia da nossa comunidade universitária de estudantes para um público ampliado. Materiais e Métodos: Um grupo de 12 estudantes de medicina criou uma página no Facebook em junho de 2015, como forma de contribuir para a educação em radiologia na nossa universidade. A partir de agosto de 2015, casos clínicos semanais foram postados, incluindo uma breve explicação dos achados clínicos, além de diversas modalidades de imagem, e os assinantes eram encorajados a escolher o diagnóstico mais apropriado. Todos os casos apresentavam uma resposta apropriada e uma explicação para destacar os achados de imagem e o diagnóstico. Com o objetivo de alcançar um público maior, os casos eram também compartilhados em um grupo latino-americano no Facebook, composto de 28.182 médicos e estudantes de medicina. Prospectivamente, analisamos a interação dos assinantes com nossa página durante 14 meses por meio da ferramenta Facebook Insights. Resultados: No período, 35 casos foram postados. Radiografia (n = 15) e tomografia computadorizada (n = 13) foram as modalidades mais comuns. Antes dos casos clínicos semanais, nossa página tinha 286 curtidas. Em outubro de 2016, esse número foi 4244, representando um aumento de 1484%, oito vezes maior do que nossa comunidade estudantil (n = 530). A maioria dos seguidores eram estudantes medicina (76%), seguidos de residentes de radiologia (6%). Os usuários reportaram que o projeto teve grande (65.3%) ou moderada (33.1%) contribuição para as habilidades pessoais de interpretação de imagens. Conclusão: A criação de uma página no Facebook com casos clínicos semanais foi efetiva no auxílio à promoção da educação em radiologia.

The domestic hotspots research of formative assessment based on the knowledge map analysis / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To summarize and analyze the present situation, hotspot and development trend of the research and practice about the formative assessment in Chinese medical teaching reform by bibliometrics, and provide a quantitative method for the study of formative assessment. Methods We took 567 journals about formative assessment from CNKI database as the research object, making co-word clus-tering and multidimensional scaling analysis as the main research method, and using Bicomb co-word anal-ysis software and SPSS to complete content data statistics and analysis. Result The knowledge map of formative assessment research can be divided into 7 fields: field 1 shows that most studies are mainly focused on practical research, the effectiveness evaluation on application are mainly focused on the improve-ment of students' independent learning ability. The proportion of research in traditional Chinese medicine colleges or universities is increasing, researches of clinical teaching take an important position, and nursing educations are paying more attention as well. Field 2 and field 4 show the synchronization between assess-ment reform and teaching content/strategy reform. Field 3 presents the general situation of teaching evaluation research in higher vocational colleges. Field 5 shows the theme of exploring the establishment of a formative assessment system . Field 6 shows the differences and similarities between examination and assessment . Field 7 shows the overview of medical English courses. Conclusion In the future, we should actively carry out the construction and exploration of the formative assessment system that conforms to China's national conditions, and attach importance to the construction of the sharing platform. We should avoid duplication of research , attach importance to the study and understanding of theoretical connotation and strengthen training, supervision and management.

Research on the practice of multi-school constructed clinical medical specialty under the standard system of undergraduate medical education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

By analyzing the reasons and some potential problems especially like blocked management mechanism,distracted ideological recognition,imperfect quality standard and misplaced safeguard measures,this article practically brings out the viewpoint of multi-school constructed clinical medicine,which includes optimizing the management system by establishing a four-level management system for clinical teaching:university-clinical school-affiliated hospital-clinical teaching and research section;reaching consensus of running a university by integrating the concept of complementary advantage,resource sharing,health care and teaching coordination and mutual development;arriving at the goal of improving teaching quality by unifying teaching standards,strengthening the process management and reinforcing the teaching guarantee system.

The study on"2+2"medicine-education cooperation talents training mode of nursing / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the application effect of"2+2"medicine-education cooperation talents training mode. Methods The nursing undergraduates of 2013 grade were divided into the experimental and control group. The"2+2"medicine-education cooperation talents training mode was adopted in the former and traditional training model was used in the latter. The final examination scores of the fifth and sixth semester, scores of graduation examination, scores of the Nurse Competence Scale were compared between the two groups. Results There was no difference of scores of theory examination between the two group except the Nursing Professional English whose scores were higher in the control group. The practical skills exam scores of Medical Nursing, Surgical Nursing, Paediatric Nursing, Nursing of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emergency Nursing, Rehabilitation Nursing, Community Nursing in the experimental group were 89.32 ± 6.02, 89.46 ± 5.29, 88.06 ± 6.34, 89.32 ± 5.58, 83.99 ± 6.44, 82.58 ± 5.78, 83.56±6.12, the control group were 87.72±5.90, 87.85±6.32, 85.59±5.79, 87.45±5.65, 81.82±6.06, 80.34± 5.89, 81.28±5.42, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.052-3.261, P<0.05). The total and practical skills scores of graduation examination in the experimental group were 82.86±4.92, 85.60±4.54, which were 81.07 ± 5.52, 84.07 ± 4.59 in the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups (t=2.060, 2.011, P<0.05). The total score of Nurse Competence Scale and scores of the four dimensions of Teaching-coaching, Managing situations, Ensuring quality, Work role were 74.95 ± 3.40, 76.38 ± 3.98, 75.49 ± 3.23, 75.42 ± 2.72, 77.49 ± 2.76 in the experimental group, the control group were 73.63 ± 4.39, 72.90 ± 4.23, 74.12 ± 4.19, 74.32 ± 3.36, 76.46 ± 3.24, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (t=2.021- 2.492, P<0.05). Conclusions The"2 + 2"medicine- education cooperation talents training mode is proved to be an effective way to train nursing applied talents to meet regional demands. It could improve the hospital′s synthetic strength including health care quality and teaching ability, promote the development and construction of the nursing specialty and train the double-certificate teachers.

Laboratory medicine education: challenges and opportunities / 中华检验医学杂志

Laboratory medicine is experiencing rapid development and moving from the edge of medicine stage to the center of medicine.Laboratory medicine has become the component of evidence-based medicine,the pathway to translational medicine and the core of precision medicine.These recent advances have increased the challenges and opportunities for laboratory medicine education.It will be the most urgent task to us how to train innovative personnel, medical laboratory physician, genetic counselor, medical laboratory scientist and personnel needed for personalized medicine.

Teaching exploration of standardized training of pulmonary function test for respiratory medicine specialists from a certain hospital / 中华医学教育探索杂志

It is an important teaching task how to make respiratory disease specialists to accept the standardization training of pulmonary function. However, the theory of pulmonary function is comparatively abstract and the training time is short, but the task is heavy. In order to explore a set of feasible training mode, the pulmonary function laboratory of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University carries out various forms of training, such as compiling textbooks, establishing case database, using multimedia teach-ing, arranging one-to-one guided teaching, and training the ability of doctor-patient communication.

International Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Education from the Perspective of "Belt and Road Initiative" Strategy / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

"Belt and Road" is an opportunity for the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) education.Based on the analysis of international development of TCM education,this paper focused on how to seize the "Belt and Road" strategic development opportunities to further promote the strategy analysis on international development of TCM education,and put forward specific implementation measures.